<p>Saints Peter and Paul Roman Catholic Church is a former parish church of the Diocese of Davenport. The church is located southeast of Harper, Iowa, United States, in Clear Creek Township, Keokuk County. The church building was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. The parish property was listed as a historic district in 2021. The parish was known in the Davenport Diocese as Saints Peter and Paul, Clear Creek.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>German immigrants were some of the first people to settle Keokuk County. They were largely centered in Clear Creek and German Townships and their population, as well as that of the county itself, peaked in 1895. Because they remained independents they were a political force in the county and decided many county elections. Both townships founded Catholic parishes in the 1850s.</p><br>
<p>Catholics in Clear Creek Township purchased 20 acre of land in 1857 for a Catholic church and cemetery. The parish was served by itinerant priests who would visit occasionally. The first Mass was celebrated in the log structure on the property in 1859, and the parish was organized in 1860. The parish started its first church building built of brick in 1863, which was dedicated to the apostles Peter and Paul. The old log church was used for a school until 1875 when the first school building was erected. A rectory was built between 1893 and 1894 for a resident priest.</p><br>
<p>The Sisters of St. Francis of Assisi from Milwaukee taught in the parish school from 1895-1902. During this time plans for the current church structure were made. Ferdinand S. Borgolte from Rock Island, Illinois was chosen as the architect, and Harry Schroeder of Washington, Iowa as the contractor. the Hammes family also played a role in the construction, The bricks were produced by Fuller & Schumacher of Muscatine, Iowa. The cornerstone was laid on June 8, 1898, by Bishop Henry Cosgrove of Davenport. The church building was dedicated on April 18, 1899, and was built for about $10,000.</p><br>
<p>In 1902 the Sisters of the Most Precious Blood taught in the school for a few months before lay teachers took over. The following year the School Sisters of St. Francis from Milwaukee came to teach in the school. A new school building with living quarters for the sisters was built in 1906. A new rectory was built in 1911. It was destroyed by a fire in 1930 when the present structure was built.</p><br>
<p>Two of the three bells were placed in the tower in 1907. The larger of the two bells weighs 2,060 lbs and cost $566. Lightning struck the church&#39;s bell tower in 1950 and set it on fire. The damage was minimal. In 1963 a parish hall was created in the basement of the church.</p><br>
<p>The parish school had 48 students in the 1966-67 school year. Because of the small number the sisters withdrew from the parish and the school closed. Ten years later the parish voted to join the Keota-Harper Catholic School System. During the pastorate of the Rev. John Hebenstreit (1969-1979) the parish council was established. He ended up being the parishs last resident pastor. Saints Peter and Paul began to share a pastor, the Rev. Robert McAleer, with St. Elizabeths in the town of Harper. In 1983 the school building was torn down.</p><br>
<p>St. Marys parish in Keota was added to the parish cluster when the Rev. H. Robert Harness was the pastor in 1988. The three parishes were officially dissolved on July 1, 1992, when they formed Holy Trinity parish. All three church buildings were initially used by the parish. As the number of Catholics in the area and the number of priests to serve the diocese continued to decline, the decision was made to cluster Holy Trinity parish with St. Marys parish in Sigourney. At the same time, it was decided to close Saints Peter and Paul Church. The last regularly scheduled Mass in the church was celebrated on June 25, 2006, by the Rev. Marty Goetz who had been the pastor since 2001. On June 13, 2009, Bishop Martin Amos approved the sale of the church building to the Clear Creek Heritage Association.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Saints Peter and Paul Church is a 42 by structure. The exterior features decorative brickwork pilasters and a mock cornice with denticulation. Two sacristies are located on either side of the apse. The building contains period stained glass windows and has wood carved altars and pews. The 14 stained glass windows in the nave and the apse were donated by parish families and they portray various saints. Donors names are inscribed below. The altars are hand carved walnut with gold leaf trim. The work is attributed to Nickolas Juhl of Davenport. Juhl, a German-born Jew, was an accomplished woodcarver who carved the altars for several of Davenports Catholic churches.</p><br>
<p>The rectory is a two-story frame structure in the American Foursquare style. The cemetery features an iron fence with a stone base along two of its sides. It was added in 1919 as a thanksgiving following World War I. All 18 servicemen from the parish survived the war and no one in the parish died from the Spanish flu that followed. Many of the grave markers in the cemetery bear inscriptions in German, which reflects the congregation&#39;s heritage.</p><br>
<p>Trevitts Addition Historic District is a neighborhood, primarily residential in character, located in The Dalles, Oregon, United States. Victor Trevitt platted the first expansion of the original 1855 "Dalles City" townsite in 1860, and continued to extend his addition in response to economic developments. The district saw the first flour mill and electrical and water systems in The Dalles, one of the areas earliest Catholic churches, and direct connection to transportation networks including the Columbia River Highway and the railroad. Surviving buildings in the district reflect a continuous spectrum of architectural styles from 1864 to 1937.</p><br>
<p>The historic district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.</p><br>
<p>The Pere Gabriel Richard Elementary School is a public school located at 176 McKinley Avenue in the Detroit suburb of Grosse Pointe Farms, Michigan. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>As the Grosse Pointes rapidly gained population in the 1920s, the Grosse Pointe Public School System constructed four new school to serve the influx of students. The last of these was Pere Gabriel Richard Elementary School. In 1928, the school board approved the site for this school and issued a bond for its construction. In 1929, they commissioned architect Robert O. Derrick to design the building. The original design was twice as large as the current building, but when construction bids came in the high, Derrick scaled back the plans. A.W. Kutsche and Company was awarded the contract to construct the scaled-down building, and construction was completed in 1930, and opened in September of that year.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Pere Gabriel Richard Elementary School is a two and one-half story French Renaissance Revival brick building trimmed with stone. It has a high slate-covered mansard roof that contains a third story. A flat-roofed addition was added in 1962. The facade is asymmetrical, with an off-center main entrance set in a shallow projecting mass. A hip-roof mass at either end of projects slightly.</p><br>
<p>Pequotsepos Manor, known formally as Denison Homestead, is a historic house museum at 120 Pequotsepos Road in the Stonington part of Mystic, Connecticut. The house was built in 1717, and stands on land that has been in continuous ownership of the Denison family since 1654. It is now owned and operated by the family-run Denison Society, and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 15, 1979.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Denison Homestead is located in a rural setting of eastern Mystic, on Pequotsepos Road roughly midway between Mistuxet Avenue and Jerry Browne Road. The house is set facing south on the north side of a bend in the road. It is a -story timber-frame structure, with a gabled roof, central chimney, and shingled exterior, and is set mainly on a rock ledge, with only a small basement area in one corner. The main facade is five bays wide, with the entrance at the center. The door itself dates to about 1800, but is mounted using original iron strap hinges. The interior follows a central chimney plan, with a narrow entry vestibule that also houses a winding stair. There are parlor spaces on either side of the chimney, with the kitchen behind. The parlors have modestly carved fireplace paneling, and many rooms have original floorboards that are up to 2 ft wide.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The house was built in 1717 by George Denison(1690-1777), and was the third Denison-built house to stand on the property, which had been granted to an older George Denison (1620-1694) in 1654. George Denison(1620-1694) at first built a primitive home and later built his "grate"house". This home burned on the eve of his grandsons wedding night and so the grandson George Denison(1690-1777) rebuilt the home even using some of the salvaged timber from his grandfathers home during rebuilding. The Denison Society was established in 1930 and took over the Manor in 1941. In 1946, architect J. Frederick Kelly restored the house as a museum. The manor underwent additional renovations beginning in 2006.</p><br>
<p>The Vorous General Store is a historic general store in Fish Creek, Wisconsin. Levi Vorous built the store in 1895; it was the third store to open in Fish Creek. The Commercial Italianate building features a metal cornice with corner brackets and dentils as well as decorative cast iron fixtures, including a beam separating the buildings two stories. The store stayed in the Vorous family until 1920, when Levis widow Rachel sold it to Henry Eckert, Henry Stenzel, and Carl Seiler. In 1932, the store became Fish Creek&#39;s post office, a function which it retained until 1959; Seiler served as the first postmaster.</p><br>
<p>The store was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 9, 1997.</p><br>
<p>The Mystic River Historic District encompasses the part of the village of Mystic, Connecticut that is on the Groton side of the Mystic River. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 24, 1979, approximately 235 acres which includes much of the village of West Mystic and many buildings from the 19th century.</p><br>
<p>The historic district includes properties along Route 1, West Mystic Avenue, Route 215, High Street, Pearl Street, and Cliff Street. Mystic Pizza is located in the district, made famous by the movie of the same name.</p><br>
<p>According to the 1979 National Register nomination, the importance of the district is derived "from the completeness of the 19th-century community here preserved. Seldom are houses, public buildings, stores, and factories of a 19th century town all in place, in good condition, and still in use, as they are in Mystic. The variety of architectural styles that the prosperous seafaring citizens employed in building up their community provide fine examples of the ongoing, 19th-century development of taste and design."</p><br>
<p>The district&#39;s boundaries are similar to those of a local historic district that was designated in 1974, but it includes more modern structures than were included in the local designation, and its boundary lines are less irregular. It includes the former train depot of West Mystic.</p><br>
<p>In 1978, the district included about 470 sites and structures, of which 265 were houses built in Greek Revival, Italianate, or Queen Anne architectural styles that were popular during the 19th century. Two historic sites in the district are:</p><br>
<p>site of Fort Rachel where a single 12-pounder cannon repulsed British attack on Mystic in 1814</p><br>
<p>site of the Mystic massacre of Pequot Indians in 1637, location not precisely known</p><br>
<p>The Rossie Velvet Mill Historic District is located in the village of Mystic in Stonington, Connecticut. Its main focus is the former Rossie Velvet Mill, a large brick industrial facility on the east side of Greenmanville Avenue that is now a research center for the nearby Mystic Seaport Museum. The district extends along Greenmanville Avenue between Pleasant Street in the north and the museum complex in the south. Most of the buildings in the district are residential housing built to house workers at the mill, and were built between about 1850 and 1950. The district includes 51 properties in 120 acre. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 9, 2007.</p><br>
<p>The area that houses the Rossie Velvet Mill was primarily agricultural until the mid 19th Century, with its farmers providing goods to the shipbuilders and other businesses in Mystic. A small textile mill began operation on the bank of the Mystic River in 1850, on what are now the grounds of the museum, precipitating development as a modestly scaled industrial area. In 1897, the Rossie Velvet Mill was established spurred on by two factors: first, a local business development group recruited velvet makers from Germany to the area, repeating a success in Stonington village, and second, the McKinley Tariff of 1890, which encouraged the owners of a velvet mill in Süchteln (northwestern Germany) to relocate to the United States and open a manufacturing facility to avoid the tariff. This business was a major local success, employing 200 workers (including a significant number of experienced German immigrant weavers) at what was the village&#39;s largest employer. The Rossie operation failed during the Great Depression, but the plant was soon operating again under different ownership. Finally, the mill permanently closed in 1958.</p><br>
<p>The Whitehall Mansion is a historic house at 42 Whitehall Avenue in the Stonington side of Mystic, Connecticut. Built about 1771 for a local physician and politician, it is a fine example of late Georgian architecture. It has been moved twice, both times short distances, and now serves as a bed and breakfast inn. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 12, 1979.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Whitehall Mansion is located in a commercially built-up area in Mystic just north of Interstate 95, on the east side of Whitehall Avenue (Connecticut Route 27) in front of a modern hotel that has been built on the back of its property. It is a -story wood-frame structure, with a gambrel roof, large central chimney, and a shingled exterior. Its main facade faces west, and is five bays wide, with the center entrance framed by pilasters and a corniced entablature. Unusual features include the use of brick instead of stone on part of the chimney inside the house, and the use of brick as nogging (fill and insulation) in the walls. The interior follows a typical central chimney plan, with a narrow entrance vestibule that also houses a winding staircase, parlor chambers to either side of the chimney, and the kitchen extending across much of the rear. There are small chambers in the rear corners on either side of the kitchen. The floor plan of the second floor is similar.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in the 1770s by Dudley Woodbridge, a doctor in Mystic who also represented Groton in the state legislature. In 1962, the house was donated to the Stonington Historical Society, its original location threatened by the construction of nearby Interstate 95. The house was carefully moved to a new site just across the street.</p><br>
<p>In 1993, the Stonington Historical Society sought permission to relocate the house forward on its lot so that it would attract more attention. The Stonington Historical Society had decided that it could not afford to continue operating the house as a museum, but its location on the rear of the lot was seen as an obstacle to its sale. The request was approved on March 2, 1994. The house is now operated as a bed and breakfast inn.</p><br>
<p>The Groton Bank Historic District, commonly known as Groton Heights, is a primarily residential 50 acre historic district in the City of Groton  in Connecticut. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 24, 1983.</p><br>
<p>The district has an inverted U-shape formed by Thames, Broad, and Monument Streets, and its boundaries are based on an 1868 map to include an area developed mostly during 1820–1860, reflecting a period of growth when Groton was a significant whaling and shipbuilding center. Groton was settled by English colonists in the mid-17th century, but it has few remaining colonial-era structures, since many were destroyed during the Battle of Groton Heights in the American Revolutionary War. A number of post-independence 18th-century houses survive, including the Major Noyes Barber house, built in 1810, which is a Federal style structure.</p><br>
<p>The district contains a cross-section of architectural styles from its periods of growth. The Groton Heights Baptist Church was built in 1878 and is an example of Italianate architecture, and the Thomas Miner House on Monument Street, built about 1894, is an example of Queen Anne architecture. Non-residential buildings in the district include a number of late 19th-century commercial blocks on Thames Street, as well as the Bill Memorial Library, a high-style example of Richardsonian Romanesque design by Stephen C. Earle.</p><br>
<p>North Pemberton is a disused railway station located in Pemberton Township, Burlington County, New Jersey, United States. The station was built in 1892 by John S. Rogers and added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 23, 1978, for its significance in architecture and transportation. The station became inactive in 1969 when rail service between Pemberton and Camden ended. The Township of Pemberton now owns the station and operates it as the North Pemberton Railroad Station Museum, a museum of regional history and a Welcome and Information Center for both the Pinelands and the Pemberton area.</p><br>
<p>The North Pemberton Railroad Station Museum is currently in the process of reopening under the management of the Pemberton Township Historic Trust. Previously, former Pemberton Township Mayor David Patriarca, along with the town council were unable to negotiate a new lease for the site with the Pemberton Township Historic Trust in September 2012.</p><br>
<p>The Avalon Life Saving Station, also known as the Avalon Coast Guard Station, is located at 76 West 15th Street in the borough of Avalon in Cape May County, New Jersey, United States. The historic coastal maritime station was built in 1894 by Hiram Godfrey, a local contractor. The Shingle Style building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 2, 1979, for its significance in architecture, commerce, and transportation. It was documented by the Historic American Buildings Survey  in 1992.</p><br>
<p>Fire Control Tower No. 23 is a NRHP-listed tower located in Lower Township of Cape May County, New Jersey, United States. The tower was built in 1942 as part of Fort Miles, the system of harbor defenses of the Delaware Bay. It was one of 15 towers from North Wildwood, New Jersey to Bethany Beach, Delaware used to aim coastal batteries at German ships and submarines. It is located near Sunset Beach in Cape May Point State Park.</p><br>
<p>The tower was added to the New Jersey Register of Historic Places on May 29, 2003, and to the National Register of Historic Places on November 17, 2003, for its significance in military history. About this time the tower was renovated under the direction of architect Robert Russell. Spiral staircases, lighting and safety features were installed, allowing the public to climb to the top of the tower and a wooden walkway was built to Sunset Avenue.</p><br>
<p>The Cold Spring Grange Hall is located at 720 Seashore Road  in the Cold Spring section of Lower Township in Cape May County, New Jersey, United States. The historic grange hall was built in 1912, designed as the meeting hall for the Cold Spring Grange #132. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 30, 1998, for its significance in architecture and social history. It is at the entrance of Historic Cold Spring Village and is run as a restaurant.</p><br>
<p>The Fort Hancock USA Life Saving Station, also known as Spermaceti Cove No. 2 Life-Saving Service Station, is located on Sandy Hook, north of Highlands, New Jersey. Originally built on the grounds of Fort Hancock, the area has been part of the Sandy Hook Unit of Gateway National Recreation Area since 1974.</p><br>
<p>A United States Life-Saving Service station was first located in the area in 1848 or 1849. The current structure was built in 1894 about 1,000 feet (305 m) from the 1848 site. It is a -story shingle-style building with a boathouse and a four-story tower. When the Life-Saving Service was merged into the United States Coast Guard in 1915, the site became a Coast Guard Station until decommissioned in 1949. It later served as administrative offices for a New Jersey state park, and, beginning in 1974, as a visitors&#39; center for Gateway NRA. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 30, 1981.</p><br>
<p>The Reading Company Grain Elevator was built as a grain elevator in 1925 by the Reading Railroad in Center City Philadelphia to replace an elevator that had operated on the same spot since the Civil War. The building was abandoned in the 1950s and refitted in the 1970, with the lower floor made into offices, the grain storage areas essentially untouched, and the upper levels made into penthouses.</p><br>
<p>Daniel Demarest House is located in Dumont, Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. The house was built in 1724 and is part of the Stone Houses of Bergen County TR. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 9, 1983.</p><br>
<p>It is the oldest house in Bergen County and is one of many Bergen Dutch houses built by descendants of early settlers to New Netherland.</p><br>
<p>DANIEL DEMAREST HOUSE, DUMONT, BERGEN COUNTY NJ.jpgHouse in 2015</p><br>
<p>Solomon House is an 1887 brick-and-brownstone building at 17th and Moravian Streets in Center City Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was designed by the architectural firm of Furness & Evans, headed by Frank Furness, Philadelphias leading architect in the last quarter of the 19th century. It was built as the southernmost of a row of five city houses by developer Joseph Solomon and contractor B. Ketcham. It became Solomons own house, and is the only one of the five still standing.</p><br>
<p>The Solomon House represents a period in Furness&#39;s career when he began a more mature, restrained style, yet retained his playful manipulation of texture and color. Major features include a rusticated brownstone base, smooth brownstone bands connecting the first-floor windowsills and the rusticated arches above, a pair of oversized chimneys, a two-story tile-covered box window projecting over the Moravian Street sidewalk, a heavy articulated brick cornice, a dormer capped by a pyramidal tile roof, a calla lily which appears to support a spur wall, and exposed ironwork at the entrance. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.</p><br>
<p>The Jacob Vanderbeck Jr. House, in Fair Lawn, Bergen County, New Jersey, United States, is a typical historic house of the American colonial architecture style called Dutch Colonial on Dunkerhook Road, adjacent to the Saddle River County Park. It sits on a bluff above the Saddle River  and is approached from Dunkerhook Road via Barrister Court, a condominium development it is now part of. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 9, 1983.</p><br>
<p>Jacob Vanderbeck Sr., who also built the neighboring Naugle House, built the original section of the house in 1754; it was a small, wooden-framed home on to which a larger wing, to the west, featuring coursed ashlar sandstone walls and one and a half stories under a gambrel roof, was added in the 1780s. Shortly after the National Park Service Heritage Documentation Programs Historic American Buildings Survey took photographs and made architectural drawings of the house in 1938, the houses owners, the Walter Squires, replaced the original east wing of the house with an architecturally compatible addition with sandstone blocks and a gambrel roof that updated the house and significantly increased the homes size. The interior of the house retains many of its original features.</p><br>
<p>After the death of its most recent owner, Henrietta Vander Platt, developers showed interest in demolishing the house, removing all of the trees, and placing on the lot an assisted living facility. A group of devoted preservationists and citizens engaged in an effort to save the Vanderbeck House, bolstered by its listing as one of 2013&#39;s "Ten Most Endangered" historic properties by the Trenton-based historic preservation organization Preservation New Jersey.</p><br>
<p>Erie Railroad Signal Tower, Waldwick Yard is located in Waldwick, Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. The tower was built in 1886 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 23, 1987.</p><br>
<h2>Background</h2><br>
<p>Constructed in 1848, the Paterson and Ramapo Railroad through Waldwick created a connection between the Erie Railroad at Suffern, New York to Paterson, where it linked with the Paterson and Hudson River Railroad to the terminal and ferry in Jersey City. A station at Waldwick was established in 1887. The yard around the depot was expanded in 1890.</p><br>
<p>The building was abandoned by NJ Transit in 1986. The Waldwick Historical Society refurbished it during the early 2000s and in 2016 they completed the project.</p><br>
<p>The F. L. Wandell Estate and Ward Factory Site is located in the borough of Saddle River in Bergen County, United States. The site was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 1, 1990, for its significance in architecture, entertainment, and industry. It was listed as part of the Saddle River MPS. The house was completely gutted down to the wood frame around 2012. The houses overall shape is the same, but the exterior appearance has been greatly altered for a more contemporary style of architecture from the home&#39;s original 1800s appearance. Other major changes include the reorientation of the driveway and the addition of a swimming pool and various other aspects. The photo displayed here on Wikipedia depicts the home after the 2012 renovation. Whether any of the homes original interiors are still intact is unknown. The original barn, which is now part of the neighboring parcel still has its original exterior.</p><br>
<p>The William Ward Edge Tool Factory was located on the F. L. Wandell Estate and manufactured tools from 1868 to 1890.</p><br>
<p>Aycrigg Mansion, located in Passaic, Passaic County, New Jersey, United States, was the home of John Bancker Aycrigg. The mansion was built in 1848 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 29, 1982, for its significance in architecture, education, politics/government, and social history.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1848, Dr. John Bancker Aycrigg, a physician and politician who represented New Jersey in the United States House of Representatives, built the Renaissance revival Italian Palazzo style home for his family. One of Aycrigg&#39;s sons, Benjamin Bogert Aycrigg, was the first mayor of Passaic, in 1873 and later owned the mansion.</p><br>
<p>In 1899, the house became the first permanent home of the Passaic Collegiate School (which today is at 22 Kent Court). In 1908, the house became the new home of several Masonic lodges, which it remained until 1994. For a several years, the house was the home to the Passaic Museum which shut down due to financial issues.</p><br>
<p>Since the late 1990s, the structure houses a boys religious high school, Mesivta Tiferes R Tzvi Aryeh Zemel.</p><br>
<p>The Johan Poulsen House is a three-story American Queen Anne Style mansion in Portland, Oregon&#39;s Brooklyn neighborhood. It was built in 1891 by an unknown architect.</p><br>
<h2>House details</h2><br>
<p>Poulsen bought the property in July 1890 for $3,000, and the house was completed in August 1891. Poulsen sold the house immediately to S. B. Willey, probably either due to financial issues caused by the lead-up to the Panic of 1893 or because his wife, Dora, did not like it. He sold it on a mortgage to Willey and sold it outright to Arthur Zwicker for $7,500 on July 14, 1894. Alternately, the home was sold to William J. Clemens, an Oregon senator, in 1902.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1891. The turret reaches approximately 50 feet. The home also contains a veranda, added around 1915. It is considered a "Pacific Northwest interpretation of the Queen Anne Style", since it does not contain stone or brick.</p><br>
<p>The interior features a large carved oak fireplace and mantel, carved stairway balustrades, and oak flooring with a mahogany border. The third floor may have originally been a large ballroom.</p><br>
<p>The home was bought by "The Doughnut King", A. A. Hoover, in 1919, and became known as the "Kings Castle" or "The Kings Palace". The property was then sold to Henrietta B. Huthman in 1923, whose family owned it until 1946. The Huthman family added the two-car garage and large retaining wall in 1926. The two-car garage was connected to the house via tunnel. The home was converted to a boarding house sometime between 1946 and 1976. James F. Nevin purchased the house in approximately 1976 and began restoring it.</p><br>
<p>The house was surveyed by the Portland Historical Landmarks Commission on October 3, 1973, and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 14, 1977.</p><br>
<p>In 2017, the Poulsen House was purchased as a home for Prospect, a Portland communications, design, government relations, & digital media agency. Prospect sold the house in 2019</p><br>
<h2>Johan Poulsen</h2><br>
<p>Poulsen was born in 1849 as Johannes Poulsen in north Slesvig, Germany. The area of his birth is now Denmark. He came to Iowa in 1870, married his wife Dora in 1873, and came to Portland in 1875.</p><br>
<p>Before 1890 he also owned part of the North Pacific Lumber Company and Willamette Steam Sawmill Company. He sold his ownership of these companies to start the Inman-Poulsen Lumber Company (which would eventually be absorbed into Georgia-Pacific) with Robert D. Inman. Their company had a sawmill on the east side of the Willamette River at Clinton Street. The sawmill dock could accommodate two oceangoing ships at a time. Inman had an almost identical house at 6th and Woodward Street, which was demolished in 1958 to make room for a parking lot.</p><br>
<p>By 1903, the Inman-Poulsen company was the largest lumber company in Oregon with 350 employees, later peaking at 700 employees. The large lumber mill had a conveyor belt piling sawdust, which went to a Portland General Electric plant located next door.</p><br>
<p>Poulsen built another large house on Hassalo Street in the Lloyd District, replaced by a Red Lion hotel later.</p><br>
<p>The Adelphi School was a Quaker-organized school for poor children that operated between 1808 and 1906 in what is now the Chinatown neighborhood of Philadelphias Center City. Originally founded to educate white boys during its first several years, it shifted focus to educating black children after the public education system was established in Pennsylvania. The Adelphi School was sustained through charitable donations, at no cost to its students. The building that housed the school beginning in 1832 is thought to be Philadelphias "last surviving example of a free school building". It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1807, members of the Philadelphia Quaker community, under the leadership of the minister Thomas Scattergood, founded the Philadelphia Association of Friends for the Instruction of Poor Children to address the educational needs of indigent children in the city. This organization was to consist of no more than forty-five members, all of whom were required to be members of the Society of Friends (i.e., Quakers). The Association intended to build one or more schools based on the Monitorial System of instruction recently developed by Andrew Bell and Joseph Lancaster. This effort was part of a broader movement within the Quaker community to establish charity schools for the poor prior to the establishment of taxpayer-funded public schools in the United States.</p><br>
<p>The Association obtained funding through private donations and established its first school, for white boys, in 1808. After the first few weeks, the number of students had reached about 90. To accommodate the school&#39;s rapid growth, the Association raised $7000 to construct a new building on Pegg Street in the Northern Liberties. In 1809 the school moved into the new facility and began operating under the name "the Adelphi School". In 1812 the school began instructing girls as well, and they made up about a third of the student population of 330 that year. The school reached its peak enrollment in 1814 with 582 pupils.</p><br>
<p>In 1818, Philadelphia established a public school system, initially for white children only, under the direction of the reformer Roberts Vaux, who had been influenced by the Adelphi School. It was one of the earliest municipal public school systems in the United States. The Association of Friends, believing that the problem of educating poor white children was now being adequately addressed in Philadelphia, closed the Adelphi School that year. The Pegg Street schoolhouse was then rented to the public school system until 1825. The Association thereafter turned its attention to the problem of educating black children in the city, and established a new school on Gaskill Street in 1822.</p><br>
<p>In 1825, the Adelphi School began renting space in a schoolhouse belonging to the Pennsylvania Abolition Society on Cherry Street. In 1831, the Abolition Society decided to reoccupy the space, and the Adelphi School moved to a temporary space while a new dedicated schoolhouse was constructed on Wager Street, now called Spring Street. The 30 by 40 foot, two and a half story brick structure was built for $3100 on a lot purchased for $1200, and the school was opened in 1832. It was constructed in the Federal style, with a simplicity of form characteristic of Quaker architecture.</p><br>
<p>The Wager Street Adelphi School opened in 1832 when the first floor was completed, and the whole structure was finished in 1834. The school originally accepted only school-aged black boys, but expanded to include younger children of both sexes in 1835. In 1838, instruction for the older boys was discontinued in favor of admitting girls. The Adelphi School operated at this location over the next several decades. W. E. B. Du Bois, in his 1899 study The Philadelphia Negro, records its enrollment count at 166 pupils for the year 1847. This had declined to an average of 67 for the period 1873 to 1881. Despite the expansion of the public education system, supporters of the Association believed that the free school still served an important purpose in reaching students who for whatever reason could not attend the public schools.</p><br>
<p>The Association of Friends continued operating the schoolhouse until 1906. From 1908 to 1945, the Abolition Society owned the building. It was used for group activities such as the Boy Scouts and sewing clubs, as well as more formal educational programs. This school operated with the goal of improving "the moral, social, industrial and domestic conditions" of the African American population of Philadelphia. In 1978, the building was added to the National Register of Historic Places, in recognition of its architectural, educational, religious, and humanitarian significance. By that point, it was under private ownership and used for commercial purposes.</p><br>
<p>The Amalgamated Center, also known as the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America Office Building, was built by the Bethany Brotherhood, which was funded by John Wanamaker, in 1900, in Philadelphia. An addition to the building was added in 1912, and it served as a working class social club and community center.</p><br>
<p>In 1934, the building was sold to the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America labor union which expanded the building in 1937 and 1967. During the 1980s, the building was made into doctors&#39; offices and a day care center.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.</p><br>
<p>Ambrose Hall, located in Davenport, Iowa, United States, is the first building constructed on the campus of St. Ambrose University. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>St. Ambrose University was founded in 1882 by John McMullen, the first bishop of the Catholic Diocese of Davenport. The school initially held classes in two classrooms in the school building at St. Margaret&#39;s Cathedral. The desire, however, was for the school to have a campus and a building of its own.</p><br>
<p>The school was formally incorporated as a "seminary" in 1885, however, its mission was never exclusively considered as a place that trained future priests. Instead, it was considered a "Catholic school for advanced studies". Courses were taught in the humanities, sciences and in business as well as theology. The school, in a sense, pioneered the concept of educating future priests and allowing them to reside with young men who they might serve one day as their parish priests. It was typical at that time to cloister seminarians at an early age away and educating them separately from other people. The institution&#39;s name was changed to St. Ambrose College in 1908 and St. Ambrose University in 1987.</p><br>
<p>Bishop Henry Cosgrove, McMullens successor, initially chose the corner of Eighth and Ripley Streets as the new location for the school, as it would be convenient for the day students. However, others suggested Noels Grove along Locust Street as a possible location. Cosgrove was familiar with the location as he had held parish picnics at the location when he was the pastor at St. Margarets. He was concerned that the location was too isolated and inaccessible, and Locust Street was not a decent roadway. In the end, convinced that the location was accessible by way of the Brady Streetcar line, Cosgrove bought Noels Grove. The cost for purchasing the property and building the central section of the building amounted to $20,000. Aloysius Schulte, the college president, and James Davis, the cathedral rector, toured the diocese to solicit funds for the project.</p><br>
<p>Victor Huot was chosen as the architect for a new building. Previously he had designed St. Josephs and St. Marys churches and Mercy Hospital; all in Davenport. He also designed the building for the Immaculate Conception Academy in Davenport. Both Ambrose Hall and the academy building were designed in the Second Empire style, and they were designed so they could be built in stages over a period of time. Huot designed the first two additions to the building at the same time he designed the original tower section.</p><br>
<p>The cornerstone for the building was laid on July 5, 1885. The central section of Ambrose Hall, with the entrance tower and spire, was the first section built. It had space for 75 boarding students as well as office space and classrooms. The Congregation of the Humility of Mary was placed in charge of the dining room, cooking, and housekeeping. The structure was expanded in 1887, 1893, 1901, 1908, and 1912. The building is constructed of yellow stone and red brick with marble and stone trim. A mansard roof, typical of the Second Empire style, rings the structure on all its additions. The building housed the entire school until 1927 when Davis Hall was built.</p><br>
<p>An exterior renovation of the building in the 1960s altered the mansard roofline of the central section of the building. The rest of the exterior has remained largely unchanged. The interior of the building has been renovated numerous times depending on the college&#39;s needs.</p><br>
<p>A chapel occupied the third and fourth floors of the westernmost section of the building and served the school until construction of Christ the King Chapel in 1952. The space now serves as the boardroom. Ambrose Hall also housed the Seminary Department until Hayes Hall opened in 1967. A grotto with a statue of the Blessed Virgin Mary lies just north of Ambrose Hall. The altar and ambo at the grotto were constructed from the altars that were formerly located in the crypt chapels below Christ the King.</p><br>
<p>The LeClaire Gym, now known as LeClaire Hall, is attached to the rear of Ambrose Hall and included a swimming pool. It was built during the presidency of William Hannon (1915–1926) and was replaced by Lee Lohman Arena in the 1980s.</p><br>
<p>Ambrose Hall has served various functions over the years. It has housed classrooms, dormitory, chapel, faculty residence, offices, student union, laundry, and dining facilities. The building now houses offices for admissions, financial aid, student accounts, records and registration, the John R. Lewis Board Room, classrooms, faculty offices, and the student union.</p><br>
<p>In 2013, the university undertook a $5 million renovation project to bring the building back to its late 19th and early 20th-century appearance. Among other upgrades, the tower and spire were restored along with the bell housed within. A clock depicted in the original plans, but never installed, was added.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Ambrose Hall was built in five phases from 1885 to 1912. Each section is similar to the others and yet each section possesses its own character. The features that are common to all the sections include round-arch windows and doorways with stone hood molds and keystones. A stone stringcourse runs between the first and second floors on all but the first section of the building. Finally, decorative brick corbelling runs the length of the whole building below the cornice.</p><br>
<p>The original section of the building was built from 1885 to 1887. It is a symmetrical structure of seven bays wide with a central pavilion capped by a mansard tower. The lower level is composed of smooth rusticated ashlar and brick on the upper floors with stone quoining on the corners. Its mansard roof was altered in the 1960s when it original diamond-shaped shingles, gabled dormers and decorative cornice were replaced with modern windows, asphalt shingles, and a severely plain cornice. All those features were restored in 2013.</p><br>
<p>The second section was added to the east of the original section in 1893. It too is symmetrical and has a projecting central pavilion, but it is five bays wide. It is connected to the original section by a three-bay, recessed section. Instead of ashlar on the ground floor, it is all brick from the ground up. Alterations and restoration to its mansard roof were like those of the original section.</p><br>
<p>The third section was added in 1901 to the west of the original building. Unlike the other sections it has an asymmetrical facade that consists of two symmetrical sections joined together. One section is three bays wide and the other is 5½ bays wide and features a central pavilion. Its mansard roof was altered later. The tracery windows on the third floor mark the room that served as the chapel. The central pavilion has a chapel window that is composed of two trefoil windows that are surmounted by an octofoil window. It is enclosed in a segmental dormer. The two hexafoil windows that flank it are set into the brick below segmental dormers. On the west side of this section is a three-level brick porch.</p><br>
<p>The fourth section of the building was added to the east in 1908. It reflected a simplified version of the Colonial Revival and therefore did not conform to the design of the other three sections. The fifth section of the building remedied this problem when it was added in 1912 to the front facade of the fourth addition. Its sole purpose was to bring the fourth section into conformity with the rest of the building. Like the second section, it is symmetrical, five bays wide and has a projecting central pavilion. This addition is larger than the other sections as it sits farther in the north in the rear of the building.</p><br>
<p>The Equitable Trust Building, also known as the Broad and Locust Building, is a historic commercial skyscraper located at 1405 Locust Street in Philadelphia.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Situated three blocks south of Philadelphia City Hall designed by Horace Trumbauer. Trumbauer designed the 21-story building in 1925 after completing a similarly styled residential building, the Chateau Crillon Apartment House on Rittenhouse Square for the owner of the Equitable Trust Company, Louis Cahan.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on July 3, 1986.</p><br>
<p>The Bailey House was built in 1889, and was designed by William A. Lang. The Bailey House, built for a Mr. G.W. Bailey, is the largest of William Lang&#39;s surviving residential residences. William A. Lang  was a Denver architect who was active from 1885 to 1893.</p><br>
<p>The Bailey House is Queen Anne style with a corner tower and a pinwheel plan. The house also has many Richardsonian Romanesque elements, especially in the materials and details.</p><br>
<p>Paterson City Hall is located at 155 Market Street in Paterson, Passaic County, New Jersey. The building is located on a block in Downtown Paterson bordered by Market Street on the north, Colt Street to the east, Ellison Street to the south, and Washington Street to the west.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The building was built in 1896 to commemorate the citys centennial. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 10, 1995 for its significance in architecture, politics/government, and community planning and development. It was designed by the New York firm Carrere and Hastings in 1894, and is modeled after the Hôtel de Ville (city hall) in Lyon, France, capital of the silk industry in Europe. There are three statues of Paterson political figures outside of the Market Street side of building. One, which is adjacent to the corner of Market Street and Washington Street, honors businessman and philanthropist Nathan Barnert, who was elected twice as mayor. Another, which is adjacent to the corner of Market Street and Colt Street, honors physician Andrew McBride, who was elected a total of three times to the office of mayor. The third, centered in between the two and in front of the entrance to the building, honors former Vice President of the United States Garret Hobart, who took residence in Paterson following his graduation from Rutgers College and became one of its most powerful political leaders before his election as William McKinleys first Vice President.</p><br>
<p>The Branford House is located in Groton, Connecticut, on the campus of UConn Avery Point, which rents it out for events. Branford House was built in 1902 for Morton Freeman Plant, a local financier and philanthropist, as his summer home; he named it after his hometown of Branford, Connecticut. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 23, 1984.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>When built in 1902, Branford Manor cost $3 million - an incredible sum of money at the time. Plant shunned the high society of Newport and chose instead the wide views of Long Island Sound available at Avery Point.</p><br>
<p>Branford House was designed by Plant&#39;s wife Nellie (who had a Sorbonne education in architecture) and built by Robert W. Gibson. Although the outside was built to the Tudor style to match the estate, the interior was a patchwork of various styles - "Gothic, Baroque, Renaissance, Classical, and even Flemish" - desired by the Plants. The house included a two-story fireplace surrounded by a clothes-drying conveyor belt, a then-rare elevator, and other architectural curiosities like doors leading into exterior walls.</p><br>
<p>Plant fancied himself a gentleman farmer and built vast agricultural facilities on the grounds. These included huge greenhouses (including one to store his tropical plants during the winter), a 22,250 ft&sup2; cow barn, poultry enclosures, and fruit and vegetable fields. The estate totaled more than 70 acres, including carpentry and plumbing shops, a boarding house, and other buildings. Bothered by its smell, Plant bought the Quinnipiac Fertilizer Company on nearby Pine Island and replaced it with an orchard where his grandchildren played.</p><br>
<p>Plant died in 1918; the estate passed through his son then his daughter-in-law before being sold for just $55,000 at auction in 1939. The state of Connecticut soon acquired the property, and passed it to the United States Coast Guard via a quitclaim deed funded by the federal government. As a duty to that deed the Coast Guard built Avery Point Light in 1942, though it was not lit until 1944. The lavish grounds were bulldozed into the water to make room for barracks for a training center; the house became offices and executive quarters. The west wing was used as the base chapel until it was destroyed by fire in 1963.</p><br>
<p>In 1967, the property was transferred back to the state for use as a satellite campus of the University of Connecticut, though the buildings were largely in poor condition. By the 1980s the house needed millions of dollars of renovations which UConn could not afford; there was discussion of a private developer turning it into a conference center, or of the town taking over the property. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 23, 1984.</p><br>
<p>Ultimately UConn carried out renovations to the house, which were completed in 2001. The house is not in regular academic use; UConn rents it out for event uses. The second floor of the Branford House is home to the Alexey von Schlippe Gallery of Art.</p><br>
<p>The Yantic Falls Historic District encompasses a historic mill and associated worker housing on Yantic Street in Norwich, Connecticut. The 10 acre area includes a complex of mill buildings, mainly built in brick, and mill worker housing, also out of brick. The area&#39;s industrial history dates to the early 19th century. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on June 28, 1972.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Yantic Falls is located on the Yantic River northwest of downtown Norwich, dropping 40 ft through a narrow slot now spanned by a railroad bridge and a footbridge. Yantic Street is an L-shaped dead-end street providing access to the large mill complex located below the falls. It includes an array of mill buildings, many of them dating to the second half of the 19th century. They are typically built of brick, with windows set either in rectangular openings with granite headers, or in segmented-arch openings with soldier brick headers. One of the area&#39;s oldest buildings is a stone structure built out of ashlar granite; it is located between the larger complex and the falls. Lining Yantic Street are a series of houses, mainly duplexes and other multi-unit configurations, built as worker housing.</p><br>
<p>In addition to their industrial history, the Yantic Falls figure in the area&#39;s Native American history, as the supposed site of the last major battle between members of the Mohegan and Narragansett peoples during the Pequot War in the 1640s. The first known industrial use of the water power provided by the falls was a nail factory established in 1813. This was rapidly followed by other businesses, including a paper mill and a textile mill. Many of these early businesses failed during financial panics in the 1830s, and the water rights around the falls were consolidated into a single business, the Yantic Falls Company, in the 1860s.</p><br>
<h2>In Literature</h2><br>
<p>In her poem, Lydia Sigourney recalls how she played with friends after school in the vicinity and that, following the later introduction of the mill-wheel, although the falls were much reduced, she loved them still.</p><br>
<p>The Williams Memorial Park Historic District is located in New London, Connecticut, roughly bounded by Hempstead, Broad, Mercer and Williams Streets, with houses on Broad Street south to Cottage Street included. Williams Memorial Park &ndash; which was designed by Frederick Law Olmsted &ndash; is also included, as is the Civil War monument located there; 16 houses are part of the district, while two buildings &ndash; a brick office building at 43 Broad Street and an apartment building at 127 Hempstead Street, are non-contributing properties. Four of the six outbuildings in the district are contributing. Nine different architectural styles are represented in the district.</p><br>
<p>The area was developed through the efforts of members of the locally prominent Williams family, whose fortune was made in the whaling industry, and contains some of New London&#39;s finest late-19th century architecture. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 3, 1987.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>New London established its Second Burial Ground on 1793, on land that is now Williams Memorial Park. This area was then on the outskirts of the city, and the area around the cemetery consisted of larger estates until the 1830s, when denser residential development began. Land on the west side of the cemetery was developed by Archibald Mercer and Enos Ames, while that on the east was developed by Thomas W. Williams, one of the city&#39;s leading whalers, and his business partner Henry Haven. Williams and Haven were major contributors to the construction of the Second Congregational Church, a Gothic Revival building standing just north of the park. Charles Augustus Williams, the son of Thomas, broached the idea of converting the Second Burial Ground into a park in 1885. He retained Frederick Law Olmsted to provide a design for the park, and provided funds for relocating the burials to Cedar Grove Cemetery, and the shutting down of a quarry that had been operating on the site. The park then became an attractive site for large upper-class houses to be located near.</p><br>
<p>The United States Housing Corporation Historic District is a residential historic district located on the west side of New London, Connecticut. It contains a relatively uniform collection of Colonial Revival houses, most of them built in 1919 and 1920 by the United States Housing Corporation, a United States federal government agency founded to provide housing for workers in strategically significant war-related industries. The development of this district was overseen by the noted landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted Jr. The district is bounded on the west by Colman Avenue, the south by West Pleasant Street, the east by Jefferson Street, and on the north by Fuller Street. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 16, 1990.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The United States Housing Corporation development was approved in 1918, and construction began around the same time that the armistice ending World War I in Europe was signed. The corporation plan called for the construction of 64 buildings, either single family or semi-detached two-family buildings. These were largely completed in 1919, and were sold off by 1921. The corporation had originally planned to build more buildings on the available lots, but these plans ended with the war. Remaining house lots were sold off in the 1920s to other builders. The houses that were built by the corporation exhibit a uniformity of Colonial Revival design, varied by altering details of trim, roofline, and setting. Most of the houses built later borrow in some way from the vocabulary established by the corporation&#39;s designs, and were constrained in their size and setting by deed restrictions.</p><br>
<p>The Prospect Street Historic District encompasses approximately 5.5 acres northwest of the central business district of New London, Connecticut. The district is bounded by Bulkeley Place on the north, Hempstead Street on the west, Federal Street on the south and Huntington Street on the east. Prospect Street bisects the district on a north-south axis. The residential area includes 24 buildings, most of which are Greek Revival or Italianate houses built between 1838 and 1859. The area was developed in response to local demand for increased middle-class housing, and the dense development and modest scale of the buildings is reflective of this objective.</p><br>
<p>The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on July 31, 1986.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Prospect Street was developed in the 1830s in response to increased demand for middle-class housing occasioned by New London&#39;s economic success as a whaling center. Two real estate developers, Hezekiah Goddard and Sabin Smith, purchased the Hallam family estate, bounded by Hempstead, Federal, and Huntington Streets, and Bulkeley Place, in 1836. The northern half was developed by Smith, who laid out Prospect Street, and sold off parcels to others, who either further subdivided or built on the properties. These subsidiary developers were typically involved directly or indirectly in the whaling business, as suppliers or workers in firms doing business with whaling ships.</p><br>
<p>Fifteen of the 24 houses in the district are Greek Revival in style, reflecting their construction relatively early in the subdivision. Four houses are Italianate &ndash; two each on Huntington and Federal Streets &ndash; one of which is brick. One house in the district is in the Gothic Revival style. One of the houses in the district is an early Federal dwelling, and two of the original Greek Revival houses were replaced by a 1889 Queen Anne house and a 1905 Colonial Revival. The Greek Revival houses on Prospect Street are generally two-and-one-half stories tall, but those on Huntington are taller, as their basements are exposed due to being built into the side of a hill. The Greek Revival house at 17 Prospect Street is notable for its four-column temple front, with details copied from a builder&#39;s guide published by Minard Lafever.</p><br>
<p>The Post Hill Historic District encompasses the oldest settled area of New London, Connecticut.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Post Hill Historic District is located just west of its commercial and civic center, the district is on high ground with a commanding view of the Thames River to the east. The roadways that run through the district include Channing, Vauxhall, and Granite Streets. Most of the districts more than 200 buildings were built much later, between about 1840 and 1925, even though it is home to the Antientest Burial Ground, the citys first cemetery (c. 1650). Williams Park, the southernmost point in the district was laid out in 1858, and was a significant spur to the areas growth. The houses in the district are in a wide variety of styles, but tend to be of similar scale and setting. The district includes the Nathan A. Woodworth House, previously listed on the National Register. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 5, 1993.</p><br>
<p>New London was settled in 1645 by English colonists led by John Winthrop Jr. Post Hill, named for Richard Post, an early landowner, was where the towns civic center was laid out at that time. In addition to the cemetery (the only element of the early settlement period to survive), land was allocated for a meeting house. The areas major roads also date to this early settlement period: Williams Street ran from the town center to a mill, and Vauxhall Street was the main road to Colchester. The economic importance of the waterfront rapidly came to dominate, and the town&#39;s civic center moved near to it by the mid-18th century. Post Hill retained a rural character until the mid-19th century, when pressure for residential housing near the city center prompted its development. Thomas Fitch, a prominent local businessman, acquired much of the land in the area and platted streets for residential development. The area was mostly built out by the late 19th century, with only a small number of plots built out in the early 20th century.</p><br>
<p>The Montauk Avenue Historic District encompasses a residential area of New London, Connecticut that was a planned subdivision developed in the early 20th century as a "streetcar suburb". The district consists of 341 buildings and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 18, 1990. The districts main thoroughfares are Montauk Avenue and Ocean Avenue, which roughly define its western and eastern bounds, and it includes small cross streets between Willetts Avenue and Fair Harbour Place. Most of the districts houses were built after 1895, and are wood-frame structures in vernacular renditions of architectural revival styles popular in the early 20th century. Transitional forms between Queen Anne and other styles predominate. There are only four non-residential buildings in the district, all of which are masonry : two schools, a church, and a fire station.</p><br>
<p>Before the late 19th century, the area south of Willetts Avenue was rural farmland, outside the city limits of New London. Only a few buildings stood in the area, including a few houses on Willetts Avenue and a surviving small district schoolhouse on Ocean Avenue, built in 1855 in the Greek Revival style. In 1892, a horsecar trolley running along Montauk Avenue to the southern shore was electrified. Thomas M. Waller, a prominent local attorney and politician, was a major shareholder in the trolley line, and became one of the principal developers of the Montauk Avenue area. He and Frank Brandegee laid out the land between Ocean and Montauk Avenues for development, including the small parks at the centers of Faire Harbour and Bellevue Places. They ran utility lines and graded and prepared lots, which were typically sold to builders with deed restrictions on what could be built. Larger lots were laid out along the two main thoroughfares, and more dense development took place on the side streets.</p><br>
<p>The Hempstead Historic District of New London, Connecticut encompasses a residential area north of the city&#39;s harbor and central business district, extending mainly along three roughly parallel streets: Franklin and Hempstead Streets, and Mountain Avenue. The area was settled in the 17th century, and has three centuries of architecture depicting an increasingly urban area. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on July 31, 1986.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Hempstead area was first settled in the 17th century, when Robert Hempstead and Nathaniel Holt established farms overlooking Bream Cove to the south. The Joshua Hempsted House at 11 Hempstead Street dates to 1678, and is one of the citys oldest buildings. Significant development did not begin until the 1840s, when the citys economy benefited from the whaling industry, and took place roughly over the next century. Later in the 19th century industrial activity also grew as an economic force, with light industry established in the Hempstead area, and the area became dominated by a significant free black population.</p><br>
<p>The district has three major north-south roads (Franklin and Hempstead Streets and Mountain Avenue) and four east-west streets (Hempstead, Garvin, Home, and Jay Streets). The terrain is that of a steeply sloping hillside, with retaining walls creating a terraced effect for many of the properties. It has 142 houses, most of which were built between about 1840 and 1920, and have retained their historical integrity. Notable non-residential structures include the 1845 Greek Revival New London County Jail (now the Shiloh Baptist Church), and the Renaissance Revival Saltonstall School, built in 1903. Both the Joshua Hempstead House and the Nathaniel Hempstead House (1759) are historic house museums open to the public.</p><br>
<p>The Jail Hill Historic District encompasses a 19th-century working-class residential district in Norwich, Connecticut. Located on a steep hill overlooking downtown Norwich, it was populated first by African Americans, and then by Irish immigrants. Some early African-American residents played significant roles in bringing expanded rights and education to others. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 19, 1999.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Jail Hill takes its name from a jail built in 1834, which stood between Fountain and Cedar Streets, overlooking the city&#39;s downtown area. The hill rises more than 100 ft above the downtown, at times forming steep cliff faces. The district includes all or part of School, John, Fountain, Cedar, Happy, and Old Division Streets. It encompasses a working-class residential area whose development began in the 1830s and was largely complete by 1865. Houses are of modest size and scale, and are typically vernacular interpretations of Greek Revival and Italianate styling, although later styles such as Queen Anne are also present.</p><br>
<p>Unlike many other early cities, Norwich&#39;s wealthy did not build on the highest ground above its developing downtown core. The Jail Hill area consequently became one where marginalized elements of society settled instead. The earliest settlers were free people of color from the Williams and Harris families, who purchased land here beginning in the 1830s. The Harrises were notably involved in the controversy surrounding the Prudence Crandall School in Canterbury: a Harris daughter was enrolled in the Crandall school, which was at the time otherwise exclusively white, and it was local community resistance to this enrollment that prompted Crandall to establish a school for African-American girls. The Harrises and Williamses were also active in abolitionist movements, and some of them went south after the American Civil War to establish schools for the education of emancipated slaves.</p><br>
<p>In the 1850s, the area gradually transformed into one dominated by Irish immigrants, many of whom were fleeing the Great Famine. They sought work in Norwich&#39;s textile mills, positions which were generally denied to the African Americans. The area was able to maintain a cohesive and tightly knit neighborhood due in part to the limitations of the geography.</p><br>
<p>The Laurel Hill Historic District is a predominantly residential historic district south of downtown Norwich, Connecticut. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 26, 1987. It extends south from the Shetucket River along Laurel Hill Avenue, River Avenue, and Spruce Street. This area was developed as a residential district beginning in 1850, and includes a significant number of well-preserved Italianate and Gothic Revival houses.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Laurel Hill is located south of downtown Norwich, separated from it by the Shetucket River. The neighborhood is characterized by relatively steep hillsides Laurel Hill Avenue, its principal roadway, runs south from a pair of bridges over that river, parallel to the Thames River, on a terrace of the hillside. Spruce Street, River Avenue, and Summer Street are secondary residential streets paralleling Laurel Hill Avenue on different levels of the hill. The historic district has 124 houses and one industrial building, almost all of which date to the 19th century. About one third of the houses are Italianate in style, reflective of the area&#39;s development in the 1850s and 1860s, while Carpenter Gothic and Queen Anne Victorian styles are also well represented. The only significant non-residential building is a c. 1871 Italianate schoolhouse, which is one of two brick buildings (the other is a house) in the district. The district also includes Laurel Hill Park, an early feature of the development.</p><br>
<p>Laurel Hill was largely undeveloped before 1850, because of its difficult terrain. In 1850, a consortium of developers led by Henry Bill purchased most of the land in the area, laid out Laurel Hill Avenue, and began promoting it as a residential suburban area in the country style advocated by Andrew Jackson Downing. Early construction, near the Shetucket River, consisted of large and handsomely landscaped lots. As part of his promotion of the area, Bill advocated for the construction of a toll-free bridge across the river, and built his own home prominently overlooking the river. The area experienced significant growth due to a business boom caused by the American Civil War, which continued into the post-war years. Many high quality homes were built, although the size of home lots decreased further south in the neighborhood, and some multi-family residences were also built.</p><br>
<p>The Little Plain Historic District is a predominantly residential historic district located in Norwich, Connecticut. When originally listed in 1970, it was centered on Little Plain Park, located about halfway between modern downtown Norwich and the Norwichtown green, the colonial center of the town. From the late 18th century onward this area became a desirable and fashionable area to live, as it was closer to the growing port area of the city. The area was mostly built out by about 1875, and features a rich concentration of Greek Revival, Gothic Revival and Italianate houses, although older and later styles are also represented. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1970 and enlarged in 1987.</p><br>
<p>Little Plain Park is a long and narrow triangular parcel bounded on the east by Broadway, the west by Union Street, and the south by Crossway Street. It was donated to the city by Deacon Jabez Huntington and Hezekiah Perkins, whose houses stand at 181 and 185 Broadway. Both are prominent examples of Georgian architecture to which Federal styling was later applied. The Dewitt-Sigourney House, at 189 Broadway, was built later in the 19th century for a ship&#39;s captain, and is a more pure example of Federal styling. The Woodhull and Johnson Houses at 167 and 171 Broadway are fine examples of Greek Revival architecture, built for merchants and ship owners.</p><br>
<p>The district includes buildings designed by Norwich architects James A. Hiscox and Joshua W. Shepard.</p><br>
<p>The Bulkeley School is a historic school building at 1 Bulkeley Place at the intersection of Hempstead Street in New London, Connecticut. It is a High Victorian Gothic stone structure, built in 1871–73 to a design by Leopold Eidlitz, with numerous additions. It was a private boys high school until 1951, educating generations of city leaders.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed the National Register of Historic Places on August 13, 1981, for its architecture and its role in the city&#39;s development. It is now home to the Regional Multicultural Magnet School (RMMS), grades K-5.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Bulkeley School building is located a short way north of downtown New London, on a lot bounded by Huntington Street, Bulkeley Place, Hempstead Street, and Ye Antientist Burial Ground. The oldest portion of the building forms the western portion, with a larger modern brick structure to the east, overlooking Huntington Street. The older section is a built out of granite, and is stories in height with High Victorian Gothic styling. It has steeply pitched gable roofs covered in multicolored slate, with three-art Gothic arched windows in the large flanking gables, the sections separate by pillars. A central gable is lower, with a single Gothic window at its center.</p><br>
<p>The main building design was by Leopold Eidlitz, a prominent New York City architect, and it was completed in 1873. The Bulkeley School was founded due to a bequest from Leonard H. Bulkeley, a local merchant, for the establishment of a private boys secondary school. The school was open at no cost to New London students, who had to pass an exam to gain admission. In 1891 the school began accepting tuition-paying out-of-town students, and its success prompted several rounds of expansion. It continued to operate as a private school until 1951. It was then merged into New London&#39;s public school system, and was later used to house town offices. After undergoing significant renovations and expansion, it now houses a local magnet school.</p><br>
<p>The Peck Tavern is a historic tavern  at 1 Sill Lane in Old Lyme, Connecticut. With a construction history that may date to the 17th century, it is one of the town&#39;s oldest buildings, and was an important local meeting place in the 18th century. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 12, 1982.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Peck Tavern is located at the northern end of Old Lymes historic village center, at center of the triangular junction of Sill Lane and Boston Post Road (United States Route 1). It is a -story wood-frame structure, with a side-gable roof, wooden clapboard siding, and a large wing extending to the rear. The main (south-facing) facade is five bays wide, with the center bay consisting of a two-story gable-topped projecting section. The main entry is in this section, flanked by fluted pilasters and topped by a transom window. Among the buildings unique interior features are a surviving taproom from its use as a tavern, with the original 18th-century sign on display there.</p><br>
<p>The buildings construction date is unknown, but is believed to date to the first half of the 18th century, and may incorporate elements of a 17th-century structure which was known to stand hear about 1680. The main block probably achieved its present form about 1769, when the property was purchased by John Peck. John McCurdy one of Lymes wealthiest citizens ran a shop in the tavern which was also the center of the Son&#39;s of Liberty in the years leading up to the American Revolution. George Washington was a visitor here in April 1776 en route to New York from Boston and was seen "dancing the night away" in the 2nd floor ballroom of the Tavern. The property was used as a tavern into the early 19th century, serving as a major stop on the early post road, which was later upgrade to a turnpike and saw a great deal of traffic. The house remained in the Peck family until 1904, and was again owned by a single family until 1978, serving for a time as the headquarters of the Old Lyme Guild, a local craft society. https://florencegriswoldmuseum.org/exhibition-notes-george-washingtons-visit-to-old-lyme/</p><br>
<p>The John and Elivera Doud House was the residence of John Doud and Elivera M. Doud, the parents of Mamie Eisenhower, and the in-laws of USA President Dwight D. Eisenhower</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Mamie Eisenhower&#39;s father John Doud was born in 1870 in Rome, New York. He moved to Chicago, and then to Boone, Iowa, where Mamie was born in 1896. In 1905, the Douds moved to Denver, and lived at 101 Logan Street. In 1906, John Doud bought a residence at 750 Lafayette Street. This single family home was built at a cost of $6925 in 1905 by Gustave A. Ziegler. The architect was Edwin Moorman.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The architectural style of the Doud House is American Foursquare, which is locally called a "Denver Square." The house has a rectangular footprint with external dimensions of 32 feet by 36 feet. At the front of the house, there is a large full-width porch with brick sidewalls. The carriage house, originally used to park a car, was remodeled in the 1950s to accommodate the familys servants. During Eisenhowers presidency, the carriage house was used to house Secret Service agents who guarded the family.</p><br>
<h2>Famous events</h2><br>
<p>The Doud House is most noted for various events connected with Mamie and President Eisenhower. Mamie Eisenhower lived in this house from 1906 until 1916. The Eisenhowers were married in the first floor music room on July 1, 1916. Their son, John Eisenhower was born in Denver on August 3, 1922, while Mamie was living in the house. The Eisenhowers vacationed many times and stayed with their inlaws, so along with Lowry Air Force Base the house came to be known as the Summer White House. President Eisenhower had his heart attack in the house on September 23, 1955, and he was treated at Fitzsimmons Army Hospital in Aurora, Colorado.</p><br>
<h2>Post Eisenhower</h2><br>
<p>Elivera M. Doud died in the house on September 28, 1960. In July 1961, Mamie Eisenhower cleaned out the house. The house was sold in September 1961 to Mae Tiley, a real estate investor from Fort Collins, Colorado. In October 1961, Mamie Eisenhower donated many items from the house to the Colorado Republican Party. These were sold in a fund raising auction. Other items were donated to the Colorado Historical Society. Since then, the house has gone through several owners. It is still in private hands, and is not available for tours.</p><br>
<p>The USA Post Office-New London Main is located at 27 Masonic Street in New London, Connecticut. Completed in 1934 as part of a Depression-era jobs program, it is one of the small number of such post offices designed by a private architectural firm, Payne & Keefe. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>New London&#39;s main post office is located in the downtown area, at the northeast corner of Masonic and Union Streets. It is a three-story steel-framed structure, finished in limestone on the ground floor, and in brick with limestone trim (notably pilasters and corner quoining) on the upper levels. Its main entrance is highlighted by bronze Art Deco panels of eagles, eagles carved in limestone, and a pair of Art Deco lights on stone stands. The main lobby is decorated with Greek-themed Art Deco work, with multicolored marble floors. Murals depicting whaling activities line the walls.</p><br>
<p>The building was designed by the local firm of Payne & Keefe, and built in 1933-34 pursuant to the terms of the Public Buildings Act, which amended the Public Buildings Act of 1926 to allow buildings designed by non-government architects. The murals, considered among the finest Depression-era post office murals in the state, were funded by a Public Works of Art Project grant, executed by Thomas Sergeant La Farge, and installed in 1938. The principal alteration to the building exterior is the addition of a loading dock in 1977; the property was also expanded by the purchase of an adjacent lot for parking.</p><br>
<p>The War Office, also once known as the Capt. Joseph Trumble Store and Office, is a historic commercial building on the Lebanon Green in Lebanon, Connecticut, built about 1732 as a commercial building. It is most significant as the place from which Governor Jonathan Trumbull conducted military business during the American Revolutionary War. It is now part of the museum property managed by the Connecticut Society of the Sons of the American Revolution that also includes the Trumbull House and the Wadsworth Stables. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The War Office is located facing Lebanon&#39;s elongated village green on the west side of West Town Street north of the Governor Jonathan Trumbull House, a National Historic Landmark. It is a 1-1/2 story wood frame structure, with a gambrel roof, central brick chimney, and clapboarded exterior. Its façade has the main entrance on the left side and two sash windows irregularly spaced. The side elevations have single windows on the ground floor and attic levels. The interior is plainly finished and houses museum exhibits.</p><br>
<p>The War Office was built around 1732 by Captain Joseph Trumbull as a place to conduct his merchant business, but it is most significant for its use during the American Revolutionary War. It served as the war office of Connecticut Governor Jonathan Trumbull, with more than 1,000 councils of war taking place there. Visitors to the office included George Washington, Rochambeau, Lauzun, Lafayette, Admiral de Ternay, Generals Henry Knox, John Sullivan, and Israel Putnam, and political leaders Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, and John Jay. The Lebanon Green was also where the French Army&#39;s cavalry wintered in 1780-81 before joining the rest of their army for the march to Yorktown, Virginia. The War Office was abandoned and in deteriorating condition when it was given to the Connecticut chapter of the Sons of the American Revolution in 1891, and it has served as a museum since.</p><br>
<p>Ashlawn, also called the Joshua Perkins House, is a two-story, central-hall frame farmhouse dating from the 18th century in Hanover, Connecticut.</p><br>
<p>The houses namesake is its first owner, Joshua Perkins, a farmer and son of the prominent Captain Matthew Perkins, a farmer and founding member of the Hanover Society. Ashlawns main house has a five-bay front facade with pilasters supporting broken-base pediments. The inside has well-documented woodwork for its moldings and wainscotting. The house has integrated an older structure, likely a central-chimney structure built in the second quarter of the 18th century, as an ell.</p><br>
<p>In 2002, the house was maintained by Ruth Rosiene, a descendant of the Perkinses. Ashlawn is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as an example of Georgian architecture and locally important for its connection with the Perkins family. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 4, 1979.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The land upon which Ashlawn stands was originally part of a 1,200 acre parcel purchased by Joshua Perkins grandfather Joseph Perkins and great-great uncle Jacob Perkins. The town of Lisbon, Connecticut, was originally known as Newent, the name believed to derive from the Perkins place in Gloucestershire, England. Joseph Perkins&#39; father, Captain Matthew Perkins, was a prominent farmer and founder of the Hanover Society in 1761. Matthew Perkins held approximately 1,000 acre in Hanover and owned three slaves as part of his assets; he died in 1773. Joshua Perkins is believed to have deeded the land. Joshua Perkins, the eldest son of Matthew Perkins, was born in 1740. A farmer and a selectman, he served in 1786 and 1787 before going to serve in the Connecticut state legislature in 1789 and again in 1801. In 1825, he deeded 400 acre, containing the house, to his son Charles Perkins. Joshua Perkins died in 1833, living to be 93.</p><br>
<h2>Construction</h2><br>
<p>Ashlawn, named for the ash trees that once sat in front of the house, is also known as the Joshua Perkins House, after its first owner.</p><br>
<p>Ashlawn is described by the National Register of Historic Places as a "late 18th-century, 2-story, central-hall frame farmhouse with a pitched and end gable overhang." The date of construction, both of the main house and its older ell, is unknown, as is the architect. The house rests upon a fieldstone foundation with dressed stone; the cellar of the house has notches in stone that are believed to have been for the "cool storage of foods". The register lists the architecture as being Georgian.</p><br>
<p>The five-bay front facade has two flat Doric pilasters and two more pilasters, located off the central bay support the broken base pediment. The original door was replaced with a 19th-century door that has a 20-pane fanlight and is flanked by two flat pilasters that support the broken base pediment over the door. The main house originally had two-chimney design and another chimney was added to the east wall for a 20th-century furnace. Most of the windows in the house were replaced in the 19th century with 2-over-2 sash, except for two attic windows of each end of the gable which retain the smaller paned sashes. The house includes an earlier -story ell in the rear that appears to have been a two-room central chimney structure that was integrated into the design of the main house and built in the second quarter of the 18th century. The chimney was replaced in the 19th century. A storage shed also sits behind the house. The property also had a dairy barn that was rebuilt following its destruction in the 1938 New England hurricane.</p><br>
<p>The registers nomination gives details of the paneling and molding throughout the house. Entering through the front of the house leads to the central hall with a paneled wainscot below the chair rail, forward of the rising stairwell on the left. There is cornice molding and a molded chair rail with runners for the inside shutters. The woodwork in the west front room has a paneled fireplace and is wainscoted below the chair rail. The east rear room is divided in two, with one of the divisions being a bathroom. The upstairs rooms have molded chair rails and cased flair posts. However, the east front room lacks a fireplace while the western one is paneled as the first floors front west room. The roof of the house is framed by sawn collar beams that were pegged to rafters which were hewn. The chimney stacks are angled so that they emerge symmetrically from the roof.</p><br>
<p>The original entrance to the cell in the center along the east wall, the door was replaced with a modern door at the time of nomination. Inside, a winding staircase leads to the attic. To the north is the kitchen, retaining a hewn summer beam and flared cased posts while sporting modern cabinets and wallpaper. The room to the south also has a visible hewn summer beam and its original casing on the flared posts. The attic is finished with vertically placed beaded boarding, and the roof is framed with hewn rafters.</p><br>
<h2>Importance</h2><br>
<p>The National Register of Historic Places nomination form describes Ashlawn as a historically significant as "an expression of rural Georgian architecture and for its associations with the Perkins family, particularly influential in the settlement of the Hanover section of Sprague."</p><br>
<p>In 2002, Ruth Rosiene, a descendant of the Perkins and Ashlawn&#39;s owner, was featured in an article by The Day. Rosiene had been maintaining the house for years, which required repainting every four or five years. A photo in the article shows the latch on the door that was described as possibly original. The article notes that the original sliding shutters are now absent, whereas the original nomination form from 1979 stated they were not installed.</p><br>
<p>The Main Sawmill, now known as Ledyard Up-Down Sawmill, is a historic 19th-century sawmill at 175 Iron Street in Ledyard, Connecticut. The sawmill was built in 1869 by Israel Brown, and is the only known operational mill of this type in the state. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. It is now owned by the town and administered by the local historical society as a museum.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Main Sawmill is located in a rural setting east of the center of Ledyard, on the south side of Iron Street between Lee Brook Drive and Saw Mill Drive. It is located at the eastern end of the pond at the center of Sawmill Park. The mill is housed in a wood frame building, finished with vertical board siding and covered by a gabled roof. Logs to be sawn are rolled through a wide opening in the front of the structure, where they are rolled onto carriages that carry the log to the saw, which is oriented vertically. It is powered by an iron water turbine, which is connected via a series of belts and pulleys to a flywheel. Much of this equipment is original to the period of the mill&#39;s active commercial use, which began in 1869 and ended in 1935.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first known sawmill was built on the site in the 1790s by Nathaniel Brown II and Increase B. Stoddard. Philip Gray purchased the mill in 1805 and built a dam on an adjacent pond. Gray sold the mill in 1831. The current sawmill uses an up-and-down sash saw and was built in 1869 by Israel Brown. Brown mortgaged the mill and water rights to William Leeds Main in 1887. The mill was in operation until 1935. The Town of Ledyard purchased the mill in 1966 to create Sawmill Park. The buildings and dam were restored by volunteers over a nine-year period. The sawmill was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 26, 1972. The park and mill were opened to the public on April 19, 1975.</p><br>
<p>The McClelland Homestead is a historic farm in western Lawrence County, Pennsylvania, United States. Located along McClelland Road northeast of Bessemer, the farm complex includes buildings constructed in the middle of the 19th century. It has been designated a historic site because of its well-preserved architecture.</p><br>
<h2>McClelland family</h2><br>
<p>William McClelland purchased property in what today is part of North Beaver Township in 1807 and operated it successfully; by the time that he sold it to his son Joseph in 1848, he had become a prosperous farmer. According to an 1872 map, the farm was composed of lands on the northern side of what is today McClelland Road. Joseph gave up ownership of the property in 1895, but the farm remained in the McClelland family at least into the 1980s. In 1989, the farm consisted of approximately 89 acre.</p><br>
<h2>Buildings</h2><br>
<p>Eight buildings and structures compose the McClelland Farm complex: the barn, a silo, the farmhouse, a small square shed, a machinery shed, a chicken coop, a hog house, and a corn crib. Three of these buildings — the house, the barn, and the machinery shed — contribute to the historic nature of the farm, while the remaining structures are unoriginal or have been heavily modified.</p><br>
<h3>Farmhouse</h3><br>
<p>Joseph McClelland&#39;s house is the most significant building on the farm. A two-story farmhouse erected in the 1840s, it is primarily a Federal structure; its foundation is stone, the walls are brick, topped with corbelling and rising to gables, and the roof is covered with slates. Its leading architectural feature is a grand Palladian window above the main entrance; such a window is unknown in other period houses in Lawrence County.</p><br>
<p>During the late 1870s, the house was extensively modified: Italianate porches were added in 1879 to bring the house up to current architectural fashions, while the rooms of the interior were completely rebuilt. The completion of that process resulted in an eight-room house, with a central hallway separating the four rooms on each floor. Among the original elements that survived this rebuilding were stone lintels and a wooden staircase in the southern part of the house. In general, the southern portion of the house was less significantly affected by the process than was the northern portion, which was further modified by the addition of rooms to the northern facade. Since the 1870s, modifications have included the expansion of the garage that was included in the 1879 addition, in-depth cleaning and repainting of the walls in the 1960s, the partition of rooms to create an apartment in the rear, and the removal of original stoves and three of the four original chimneys in 1966.</p><br>
<p>Although two other farmhouses from the first half of the 19th century are extant in North Beaver Township, the McClelland farmhouse is unique: the other farmhouses are Greek Revival structures, and unlike the McClelland property, they now lack their original outbuildings. A similar situation exists in northern Beaver County, approximately 15 mi away, where the James Beach Clow House is the only farmhouse in its township to have survived without extensive modifications.</p><br>
<h3>Barn</h3><br>
<p>The barn is a two-story frame structure built to shelter both plant products and livestock. On the ground floor, stalls are in place to hold more than thirty cattle, while the second floor consists primarily of a hayloft. Built circa 1850, the barn is the most southerly building on the farm; its location arises from the presence of a small spring, which its builder intended for it to cover. Oak timbers are used to construct a post and lintel frame; the remarkably well-preserved original construction is its most historically significant aspect. Outside, the walls are covered by the original timbered siding, and the roof is covered with shingles of asbestos. Two related and significant modifications have been made to the barn: part of the western end was removed after was badly damaged in a storm, and a concrete block milkhouse was built in its place in the 1960s.</p><br>
<h3>Machinery shed</h3><br>
<p>Built circa 1850 to the north of the farmhouse, the machinery shed once housed a cider press. It is a two-story structure that has been modified by the addition of two wings, built in 1938 primarily for the purposes of sheltering farm implements. The walls are now covered with aluminum siding, but the building is still supported by the mortise and tenon joints of the original oak frame.</p><br>
<h2>Recognition</h2><br>
<p>In 1989, the McClelland Homestead was listed on the National Register of Historic Places for its architectural significance. Crucial to this designation were elements such as the Palladian window of the house and the original framing of the outbuildings; although all three buildings have been modified since their construction, they remain in a condition close to that of their early years and have thus been seen as worthy of historic preservation.</p><br>
<p>Johannes Decker Farm is a historic farm complex and national historic district located at Gardiner in Ulster County, New York. The district includes three contributing buildings and one contributing structure. It consists of the main stone house dating from the 1720s, with three later 18th-century additions, a 1750s Dutch style barn, and a carriage and ice house also erected in the 18th century. The main stone house is -story rubble dwelling with a flared Flemish gable roof.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.</p><br>
<p>Chestnut Street Historic District is a national historic district located at Kingston in Ulster County, New York. The district includes 44 contributing buildings and six contributing structures. It comprises a collection of substantial 19th and early 20th century residences on dramatic hillside sites. It also includes the Immanuel Lutheran Church and Bruck Funeral Home.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.</p><br>
<p>Lowell Things&#39; book "The Street That Built The City" goes into great depth about Chestnut St. The street that built it or much of it is on a quiet hilltop overlooking the Hudson River a hundred miles north of New York s harbor. Chestnut Street s first resident was an engineer who helped build the Delaware and Hudson Canal, which brought millions of tons of coal from Pennsylvania to the port at Rondout to be hauled down the Hudson River on barges pulled by steamboats belonging to another Chestnut Street resident to fuel a rapidly growing New York City. Seven owners of brickyards lived on the street, and their hundreds of millions of bricks rose skyward in New York while bluestone slabs shipped from nearby Wilbur paved the city s sidewalks. The owner of the steamboat company that pushed or pulled the coal, bricks, cement and bluestone built the grandest house on the street and one of the largest mansions in the Hudson Valley, which was built almost exactly where once stood the studio of his friend, a famous painter whose close circle included one of the greatest American architects of his time and the greatest actor of his time, as well as Frederic Church, Worthington Whittredge, Sanford Gifford and other legendary artists of the Hudson River School. But The Street That Built a City is more than just a tale of city-building and rich and famous people. It is also the tale of the Irish and German immigrants and others who worked on the boats and the docks and in the brickyards, who taught school, tended shops, and doctored the sick, and whose children played in abandoned mansions and Indian caves. It is a carefully researched community history but of a community barely four blocks long. The houses they built, their occupations, the transportation they used, how they lived and played down through the generations, is all documented in detail. When Chestnut Street s first resident, James McEntee, moved to the Kingston area in 1828 to begin working as an engineer on the Delaware and Hudson Canal, the village of Rondout consisted of 5 families and a sleepy river landing. By the time McEntee died in 1887, Rondout had become a densely settled community of buildings dwellings, grocery stores (46 in all), boat repair sheds, dock buildings, bars, churches and had joined with the Village of Kingston to become the City of Kingston. Today the street that built a city is part of the Chestnut Street Historic District in Kingston, New York. Much of the former Rondout Village that Chestnut Street looked out upon from its hilltop is gone today 427 Rondout buildings were torn down between 1966 and 1970 during the misguided Urban Renewal program and even Chestnut Street s greatest mansion is also gone, but others remain, and the street s 19th-century architectural splendor is largely intact</p><br>
<p>West Strand Historic District is a national historic district located at Kingston in Ulster County, New York. The district includes nine contributing buildings. It comprises a grouping of 19th century commercial buildings. They are four story buildings generally constructed of brick with storefronts on the first floor.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. It is located adjacent to the Rondout-West Strand Historic District, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
